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1.

Certain elements of a player’s remuneration under a work contract with a club may be conditional (for example, loyalty payments or performance bonuses).
Regarding such conditional payments, which of the following statements is correct in determining which service fee limit applies (i.e., whether the service fee will be capped at 5% or 3% if representing the engaging person or entity, or at 10% or 6% if representing both the individual and the engaging entity) and in calculating the actual service fee payable?

Conditional components of Individual Remuneration are considered when determining the applicable service fee limit and are also taken into account when calculating the actual service fee payable.
Conditional components of Individual Remuneration are not considered when determining the applicable service fee limit, nor are they factored into the calculation of the actual service fee payable.
Conditional components of Individual Remuneration are not considered when determining the applicable service fee limit, but are taken into account when calculating the actual service fee payable.
Conditional remuneration components are considered when determining the applicable service fee cap, but are not included in the calculation of the actual service fee payable.
Conditional payments are not considered in the calculation to determine the applicable service fee cap for Individual Person Remuneration (Article 15.2.a, FFAR).
However, conditional components of the Individual’s Remuneration (e.g., performance and loyalty bonuses) are relevant for calculating the actual service fee payable; that is, a Football Agent may earn a service fee in relation to such conditional components of the Individual’s Remuneration.
This is because these conditional components are considered to fall within the definition of remuneration.
Remember, however, that not everything included in an individual’s contract is classified as remuneration: any right to a share of future transfer compensation and any non-salary benefits, such as the provision of a vehicle, accommodation or telephone, fall outside the definition of remuneration.
Compensation and therefore would not be included in the service fee calculation.

2.

If a player acquires a new nationality during their lifetime (i.e., not automatically granted at birth) and has not been capped by a national association in an "official competition" at any age level or in any type of football, they may play for the representative teams of the new association only if they meet one of the following conditions:
- Born within the territory of the relevant member association.
- The player's biological mother or biological father was born within the territory of the relevant association.
- One of the player's grandparents was born within the territory of the relevant association.
- Has resided within the territory of the relevant association for a minimum of 5 years.
Is this true or false?

That is correct.
This is true, provided that documentary evidence of the birth of the parents/grandparents in the relevant territory can be provided.
That is correct, provided the player features for the new representative team before the age of 21.
It is false.
In accordance with Article 7.1 of the FIFA Regulations on the Application of the Statutes, the aforementioned conditions (a), (b), and (c) are clearly defined.
However, the period of residency required in the territory of the relevant association (condition (d) above) depends on the age at which the individual began residing in that territory; if the individual was under the age of 10, they must have resided in the territory of the relevant association for only 3 years or more (if the individual began residing in the territory at the age of 10 or older, it must be at least 5 years).
Please note that, according to Article 7.2, if a player began residing in the territory between the ages of 10 and 18, they must (a) demonstrate that the transfer to the association's territory was not for the purpose of participating in its representative teams, and (b) submit, through the relevant association, an eligibility request to the FIFA Football Tribunal.

3.

When can a Football Agent approach a Client who is subject to an exclusive Representation Agreement with another Football Agent?

At any time.
Never.
Only within the last 30 days of that exclusive Representation Agreement.
Only during the last two months of that exclusive Representation Agreement.
A football agent may approach a client who is bound by an exclusive representation agreement with another football agent during the last two months of the exclusive representation agreement (Article 16.1(b), FIFA Regulations on the Engagement of Intermediaries).

4.

James, a professional footballer, is being sued by his former football agent, Paul, for breach of his Representation Agreement (failure to pay Paul the agency fee owed).
Paul’s legal action is brought before the Football Tribunal’s Agent Chamber, which awards Paul the service fee to which he was entitled.
Subsequently, James fails to pay Paul in accordance with the Football Tribunal’s decision.
What will happen next?

James will be sanctioned for failing to comply with the Football Tribunal's decision, but there will be no further consequences according to the FIFA Disciplinary Code.
James will be sanctioned for failing to comply with the decision of the Football Tribunal and will be granted a final period of 30 days to pay the outstanding amount, but there will be no further consequences according to the FIFA Disciplinary Code.
James will be sanctioned for failing to comply with a Football Tribunal decision and will be granted a final period of 30 days to settle the outstanding amount. He may also be liable to pay interest at an annual rate of 18% to the creditor. Failure to meet this final deadline may result in a FIFA Disciplinary Committee sanction prohibiting him from any football-related activity for a specified period, and may be subject to further disciplinary measures.
James will be sanctioned for failing to comply with the Football Tribunal's decision and will be granted a final period of 30 days to settle the outstanding amount. He may also be liable to pay interest at an annual rate of 18% to the creditor. Failure to meet this final period will result in an automatic ban from any football-related activity until the sum due is paid in full.
Article 21.1 of the FIFA Disciplinary Code outlines the consequences of failing to comply with decisions for clubs, associations, and individuals.

5.

Warren is an established professional football player.
During the season, he expressed disappointment with the number of official matches he played for his club.
The club played 40 official matches this season, the last one being 7 days ago.
In which of the following scenarios could Warren terminate his playing contract prematurely?

Warren only appeared in 3 official matches.
Warren only featured in 5 official matches.
Warren only featured in 12 official matches.
Warren only appeared in 4 official matches.
An established professional player may terminate their playing contract due to sporting reasons if they have participated in less than 10% of their club's official matches during a season (Article 15, FIFA Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Players).
To terminate the player contract for these reasons, the player must do so within 15 days following the last official match of the season (Article 15, FIFA Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Players).
Consequently, given that the club played 40 official matches during the season, Warren needed to have played fewer than 4 official matches in order to have a legitimate sporting reason for terminating his playing contract prematurely.

6.

Article 18 of the FIFA Rules of Procedure governing the FIFA Football Tribunal outlines the information that a party must provide in order to file a claim with the FIFA Football Tribunal.
Which of the following pieces of information are not required to be provided?

Complaint, which sets forth a complete statement of the factual and legal arguments.
Identity and address for service of process for the defendant.
Claimant's bank account details.
Claimant's passport.
Claimants are not required to submit a copy of their passport when filing a claim with the FIFA Dispute Resolution Chamber (Article 18, Procedural Rules Governing the FIFA Dispute Resolution Chamber).
However, all other data points listed must be provided.

7.

In the event of a violation of Article 18ter of the FIFA Regulations on the Status and Transfers of Players, who cannot be sanctioned?

An attractive club.
The legal guardian or parent of a player.
A player.
A releasing club.
According to Article 18ter.6 of the FIFA Regulations on Status and Transfers (RSTP), the FIFA Disciplinary Committee may impose disciplinary sanctions on clubs or players who fail to comply with the obligations outlined in Article 18ter.
IP (Internet Protocol)

8.

If a Football Agent, Player, and Engaging Club wish to avail of the exception to the general rule that the service fee payment must be made exclusively by the Client, so that the Engaging Party pays the Football Agent’s service fees in circumstances where the player’s annual remuneration is less than USD 200,000 or equivalent, which of the following is not a necessary condition for that to occur?

The service fee paid by the Client to the Individual should not impact the Agent's fiduciary duty to the Individual, nor should it create any dependency or subordination of the Football Agent to the Client.
The Departing Entity, the Contracting Entity, and the player must consent to this agreement in writing.
The service fee paid by the Engaging Party on behalf of the Person shall not exceed the service fee agreed in the Representation Agreement between the Person and the Football Agent.
The contracting entity may not deduct the service fee payment from the Individual’s remuneration.
The Departing Entity is not required to consent to this agreement (acceptance is required by the Contracting Entity and the Player).
The Principal must apply the other three preceding conditions to pay the service fee for the Transaction to the Agent in accordance with the Agency Agreement (Article 14.3, FFAR).

9.

Several young players want to join Club A in Spain from various clubs worldwide.
Which of the following transfers is likely to violate FIFA regulations regarding the international transfer of minors?

Callum, aged 17, will relocate from England to Spain with his family following his mother's acceptance of a lucrative employment offer. Subsequently, Callum sought a club and was subsequently offered the opportunity to join Club A.
Paulo, a 17-year-old, will transfer from Argentina to Spain to join Club A. Club A has offered Paulo’s father a position in the club’s ticketing office.
Mattia, aged 16, will transfer from Italy to Spain to join Club A. Club A will provide suitable football education and/or training in accordance with the highest national standards, top-tier vocational education, and will make all necessary arrangements to ensure the Player is treated in the best possible manner.
Juan, a 15-year-old, will transfer from Switzerland to Spain to join Club A. Club A will provide suitable football education and/or training in accordance with the highest national standards, top-tier vocational education, and will make all necessary arrangements to ensure the player’s welfare.
All players are under 18 years of age and, therefore, do not meet the minimum age requirement for international transfers (Article 19.1, FIFA RSTP).
However, two players would be transferred in accordance with the permitted exceptions to the general restriction, as listed in Article 19.2, FIFA RSTP.
The transfer of Callum is permitted as his mother secured employment in another country, resulting in his parents relocating for non-football-related reasons.
Mattia will transfer from Italy to Spain at the age of 16, therefore he would be transferred within the EU, and provided Club A meets the conditions outlined in article 19.2.b of the RSTP, the transfer will fall within the 2016-18 season, within the exception permitted by the EU/EEA.
However, Paulo's transfer is not permitted because Club A offered his father an inducement, which is a football-related matter.
The transfer of Juan will not be permitted, as Juan would be moving from Switzerland to Spain (which constitutes a transfer within the EU/EEA or a country with a bilateral agreement with the EU regarding freedom of movement), but due to his age of 15, he does not fall under the permitted exception in Article 19.2.b.
As a further explanation of Juan's transfer, he is moving from Switzerland to Spain.
Switzerland is not technically within the EU/EEA, but for the purposes of the Article 19.2(b) exception, FIFA treats it as if it were within the EU/EEA, although this is not explicitly stated by FIFA!
In the FIFA Commentary on the Regulations concerning the Status and Transfer of Players (which is a 533-page document not included in the FIFA study program or study materials for the exam), within the context of the FIFA Commentary on the exception to Article 19.2(b) (which concerns the international transfer of a minor between 16 and 18 years of age within the EU/EEA), FIFA states:
Given that the exception was included in the Regulations to comply with the principle of free movement of players within the EU/EEA, FIFA has consistently considered that players under the age of 18 transferring to or from a country with a bilateral agreement with the EU on free movement of workers equivalent to the TFEU, or transferring from or to an EU/EEA country, should also benefit from the exception.
There's a footnote relating to that paragraph, stating: "Essentially, this only applies to Switzerland at present."
Consequently, we can deduce that FIFA considers Switzerland to be included within the EU/EEA for the purposes of the exception in Article 19.2(b).

10.

Johan is a Football Agent and has a Representation Agreement with Andreas.
He represents Andreas in the negotiation of an employment contract with Malino FC.
Andreas’ remuneration under his contract with Malmo is $300,000 per year.
If Johan represents Andreas solely in the Transaction, which of the following statements is correct?

The service fee entitlement will be capped at $9,000 per year.
The service fee entitlement will be capped at $13,000 per year.
The service fee entitlement will be capped at $15,000 per year.
The service fee entitlement will be capped at $18,000 per year.
The service fee cap when a Football Agent represents an Individual in a Transaction will be limited to 3% of the Individual’s Remuneration up to USD 200,000, and any annual excess above USD 200,000 will be subject to a service fee cap of 3% of the Individual’s Remuneration (see Article 15.2(b), FFAR).
Therefore, in this scenario, Johan’s service fee will be USD 10,000 with respect to the first USD 200,000 of Andreas’s annual compensation, and then USD 3,000 with respect to the additional USD 100,000 above the USD 200,000 threshold, resulting in a total service fee of USD 13,000 (USD 10,000 + USD 3,000) per year.

11.

When may the FIFA Council establish ad hoc committees?

Once a month
Every six months
Once a year
At any time
The FIFA Council may establish ad hoc committees at any time if deemed necessary (Article 34.7, FIFA Statutes).
Article 34 of the FIFA Statutes outlines all the powers of the Council.
For example, according to Article 34.11, the Council has the authority to issue regulations (including, for example, the FIFA Regulations on Football Agents).
As an example, according to Article 34.10, the Council will determine the venue and dates of the FIFA final tournaments and the number of teams participating from each confederation (but note that this will not apply to decisions regarding the host country or countries for the FIFA World Cup final tournament and the FIFA Women's World Cup final tournament, which will be voted on by the Congress).

12.

Club A signs the next Polish player from Club B.
Which of the following agreements would be permitted according to the FIFA RSTP?

Club A commits in the Pol contract to transfer 10% of the net amount received by Club A from another club to which Club A sells its registration.
Club A agrees not to transfer Pol to any other club without the express written consent of Club B.
Club A grants the Football Agent Pol an option allowing him to require Club A to sign two of his clients within the next 12 months at market value.
Club A agrees to pay an additional $10 million USD to Club B if, within the next 3 years, Club A transfers Player Pol to one of Club B’s domestic rivals.
Article 18bis.1 of the RSTP prohibits agreements between a club and another club/third party that allow the other club/third party the ability to influence the club’s independence in matters of employment and transfers.
An agreement requiring Club B's consent for a loan allows the previous club to influence Club A’s transfer and employment strategy.
Similarly, granting a Football Agent the option to compel Club A to sign their clients infringes Article 18bis.1 of the FIFA Regulations on Working with Intermediaries.
Likewise, the requirement to pay a sanction if Club A transfers a Player of Interest to a rival club of Club B (as this may influence Club A’s transfer policy) is also problematic.
However, a player is permitted to receive a percentage of their future transfer fee directly.
A player is not a "third party" according to Article 18ter; refer to the definition of "third party" in the Regulations on Working Agreements, which is: "a person other than the player being transferred, the two clubs transferring the player from one to the other, or any former club in which the player has been registered."
Note that a football agent would be considered a third party and, therefore, would be subject to the prohibition of Article 18ter, FIFA RSTP.

13.

What do the FFARs regulate?

The activity of football agents in the international transfer system
The activity of football agents in the domestic transfer system
The involvement of football agents in national and international transfer systems
The activity of football agents is limited to transfers between confederations.
The FIFA Regulations on the Status and Transfers of Players (FFAR) govern the activity of football agents in the international transfer system (article 2.1, FFAR).
The regulations of agents of each member association govern the activity of football agents within the territory of that member association, that is, in the national transfer system (article 3.2, FFAR).

14.

When a Football Agent provides Football Agent Services on behalf of a Release Entity, when should the Release Entity pay the service fee to the Football Agent?

Within 30 days following the transaction’s conclusion.
At the end of each season, subject to receipt of the relevant transfer compensation for that season.
Upon receipt of the full transfer compensation
Upon receipt of each transfer compensation payment period
The Release Entity must pay a service fee to the Football Agent after receiving a transfer compensation payment owed to the Release Entity; the Release Entity has a duty to inform the Football Agent of any payment received (Article 14.11, FFAR).

15.

Are clubs obligated at any time to release their registered players to the national representative teams of the country in which the player is eligible to play when called up by the relevant association?

Yes, player release is mandatory at all times for all international matches, whether competitive or friendly, as this is a fundamental principle of international representative football.
No, the release is at the discretion of the club (as the player's employer).
The release clause will only be required if agreed upon between the club and the player in the employment contract (but in the absence of such an agreement, the release will be mandatory).
No, the obligation to release players applies only during the international windows listed in the international match calendar and for the final stages of certain major championships. Clubs are not obligated to release players outside of an international period or outside of the final stages included in the international match calendar.
According to Annex 1, paragraph 1, of the Regulations for International Matches (FFAR), clubs are obligated to release their registered players to the national representative teams of the country for which the player is eligible to play, based on their nationality, if the player is called up by the relevant association, but only for the international match windows listed in the international match calendar, as well as for the final stages of the FIFA World Cup, the FIFA Confederations Cup, and the representative "A" team championships of the confederations.
It is not mandatory to release players outside of an international match calendar or outside of final competitions included in the international match calendar.

16.

Which of the following disciplinary sanctions imposed by the Disciplinary Committee can be appealed to the Appeal Committee?

Fine imposed on a club: CHF 10,000.
Fine imposed on a coach: CHF 5,000.
Fine imposed on a player: CHF 10,000.
Fine imposed on an association: CHF 12,500.
In the event that a fine is imposed on an association or club, the fine must exceed CHF 15,000 for an appeal of the disciplinary measure to be possible before the FIFA Appeal Committee.
In all other cases, the fine must exceed CHF 7,500 for an appeal of the disciplinary measure to be possible (Article 61.1 of the FIFA Disciplinary Code).
Therefore, the only disciplinary measure mentioned above that can be appealed to the Appeal Committee is the fine of CHF 10,000 imposed on a player.

17.

Omar (Moroccan national, born May 7, 1994) has the following club history:
January 1, 2002 – August 31, 2010: Wydad AC (Morocco)
September 1, 2010 – June 30, 2015: FC Rouen (France)
July 1, 2012 – June 30, 2013: Loan to KV Kortrijk (Belgium)
January 1, 2014 – June 30, 2014: Loan to Portsmouth FC (England)
July 1, 2015 – present: Southampton FC (England)
Southampton FC agrees to transfer Omar to Newcastle United (England) on July 1, 2023, for a transfer fee of £25 million.
How much will be deducted from the transfer fee for solidarity payments?

Solidarity payments are not made.
£1.25 million
£937,500
£875,000
In accordance with Annex 5, paragraph 1.2, RSTP, solidarity payments shall be paid to a training club if (a) a professional player is transferred, either definitively or on loan, between clubs affiliated to different associations, or (b) a professional player is loaned, either definitively or on loan, between clubs affiliated to the same association (as in this case with two English clubs), provided that the training club is affiliated to a different association.
Therefore, the only training clubs entitled to receive solidarity contribution payments for the transfer of Omar between Southampton FC and Newcastle United are those affiliated to a federation other than the English one.
The amounts due to each club (as a percentage of the potential solidarity contribution of 5% of the transfer rate) are set out in Annex 5, paragraph 1.1 of the FIFA Regulations on Transfer and Registration.
Wydad AC is due 5% of the solidarity contribution relating to each of the years 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009.
Wydad is also owed two-thirds of the solidarity contribution obtained in 2010 (as they trained Omar for 8 months in that year); this equates to an additional 6.67% of the solidarity contribution (as 10% of the solidarity contribution is attributed to the calendar year in which the player turns 16).
Consequently, Wydad AC is due 26.67% of the 5% transfer commission.
Rouen FC acquired Omar on September 1, 2010, and transferred him on July 1, 2015, 4 years and 10 months later.
However, Rouen FC is only liable for solidarity payments based on the period Omar actually spent training with the club (loans are excluded).
Omar was on a loan spell at KV Kortrijk for one year and a loan spell at Portsmouth FC for six months.
Therefore, Rouen must receive solidarity payments for 3 years and 4 months.
As this entire period falls after the calendar year in which Omar turns 15, the annual rate is 10.4% of the solidarity contribution.
Consequently, Rouen FC is due 33.33% of 5% of the transfer amount.
KV Kortrijk trained Omar for a year during his loan spell at the club.
Consequently, KV Kortrijk is due 10% of 5% of the transfer fee.
Portsmouth FC and Southampton FC, each of whom trained Omar during a period between the year of his 12th birthday and the year of his 23rd birthday, are not eligible to receive his solidarity payment share.
Therefore, the total solidarity payments due as a result of Omar’s transfer from Southampton FC to Newcastle United amount to 70% of 5% of the transfer fee.
£25,000,000 x 0.7 x 0.05 = £875,000.

18.

Does the FIFA Council decide the host of each FIFA-organized final competition?

Yes
Yes, except for the FIFA World Cup
Yes, except for the FIFA Women's World Cup
Yes, except for the FIFA World Cup and the FIFA Women's World Cup
The FIFA Council decides on the host(s) for all FIFA final competitions, with the exception of the FIFA World Cup and FIFA Women's World Cup (whose hosts are selected by the Congress) (Article 68.1, FIFA Statutes).

19.

Once a Football Agent receives their license, in which territories can they provide their Football Agency Services?

World Cup
Only the country of the Member Association where the examination was conducted.
Any Member Association in which you register your license.
Only countries listed on the license accompanying the documentation.
A FIFA-licensed intermediary can provide their services as a football agent worldwide, unless the national legislation of a specific territory imposes additional conditions related to the registration of the agent in that country (paragraph 4.3, FIFA's Frequently Asked Questions on Football Agents).
However, a member association may require football agents to agree to be subject to national regulations governing football agents or any other regulations related to the services provided by football agents, before they can operate as football agents within its territory.

20.

If a player wishes to change the association for which they are eligible to play to an association of a country other than their nationality, where and how would they submit a request for a change of association?

Direct Referral to the Football Tribunal
Directly to the FIFA Ethics Committee
FIFA Football Tribunal via the relevant association
To the Football Tribunal via the Ethics Committee
According to Article 9.4 of the Rules Governing the Application of the Statutes, a player wishing to change association must submit a transfer request to the FIFA Transfer Matching System (TMS) via the relevant association.